.p221x-page { --p221x-blue: #185b8f; --p221x-blue-dark: #173f62; --p221x-blue-soft: #eaf4fb; --p221x-line: #cbdce8; --p221x-text: #29465d; --p221x-muted: #61798c; --p221x-bg: #f5f9fc; --p221x-white: #ffffff; max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; color: var(--p221x-text); background: var(--p221x-white); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.68; box-sizing: border-box; } .p221x-page *, .p221x-page *::before, .p221x-page *::after { box-sizing: inherit; } .p221x-intro { padding: 18px 38px 26px; background: var(--p221x-white); } .p221x-intro p { margin: 0 0 12px; color: var(--p221x-text); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.68; font-weight: 400; } .p221x-intro p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } .p221x-intro strong { color: var(--p221x-blue-dark) !important; font-weight: 700 !important; } .p221x-intro .p221x-primary-keyword { color: #173f62 !important; font-weight: 700 !important; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .p221x-intro { padding: 16px 20px 22px; } .p221x-intro p { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.64; } } A hybrid solar street light with off-peak grid charging combines solar generation, LiFePO4 battery storage, grid backup, and lamp-level control in one configurable road-lighting system. It is designed for projects where solar energy alone may be insufficient during consecutive cloudy or rainy days. During normal conditions, the system prioritizes solar energy and manages battery charging according to the configured strategy. Where time-of-use tariffs are available, the grid can charge the battery during selected low-tariff nighttime periods and provide backup support during low battery conditions, unstable grids, or insufficient solar generation. Depending on the selected controller and sensing configuration, operators can monitor lamp status, grid availability, battery voltage, charging conditions, energy use, and communication status through a centralized IoT platform. Remote switching, dimming, scheduling, alarms, and maintenance records can be configured for individual lights or lighting groups. Battery capacity, switching logic, charging windows, dimming schedules, and communication interfaces should be configured according to local tariffs, solar conditions, lighting requirements, and project regulations.